Protective effect of Dictyophora polysaccharide on neurotoxicity induced by sodium arsenite in rats / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Dictyophora polysaccharide on neurotoxicity induced by sodium arsenite in rats.Methods:Sixty SD rats (half males and half females) were selected and fed adaptively for one week. The rats were divided into a normal group ( n = 20, ordinary feed) and a modeling group [ n = 40, arsenic-containing feed (50 mg/kg sodium arsenite)] according to their body weight (80 - 100 g) by random number table method. After 12 weeks, the arsenic content in brain and blood of the rats ( n = 10) was measured to identify the arsenism model. After successful modeling, the rats in the modeling group were divided into Dictyophora polysaccharide group (arsenic-containing feed + 20 ml·kg -1·bw Dictyophora polysaccharide solution by gavage), and model group (arsenic-containing feed + equal volume distilled water by gavage), while the rats in the normal group (ordinary feed + equal volume distilled water by gavage) were retained, with 10 rats in each group for 4 weeks of intervention. Morris water maze test was used to assess the spatial learning and memory ability of the rats. Nissl staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the brain tissue, and the oxidative stress factors [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA)], and inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin -1β (IL-1β)] in the brain tissue of each group were measured. Results:Brain arsenic content of rats in the modeling group [(92.02 ± 13.37) μg/g] and blood arsenic content [(51.37 ± 19.33) μg/L] were higher than those of the normal group [(7.42 ± 3.21) μg/g and (2.74 ± 1.29) μg/L, t = - 6.91, - 6.06, P < 0.001]. The rat model of arsenic poisoning was successfully established. Compared with the normal group, the escape latency on the 1st, 3rd and 4th day and the first arrival time of rats in the model group were prolonged, the number of platform crossings was reduced, and the proportion of target quadrant residence time was decreased ( P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the escape latency on the 4th day and the first arrival time of rats in the Dictyophora polysaccharide group were shortened, and the proportion of target quadrant residence time was prolonged ( P < 0.05). The results of Nissl staining showed that compared with the normal group, the number of Nissl bodies was decreased, the intercellular space increased, and the arrangement was disorderly in the model group; compared with the model group, the number of Nissl bodies was increased, most of the neurons were structurally intact. Compared with the normal group, the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the brain tissue of rats in the model group were lower, and the levels of MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly higher ( P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the brain tissue of rats in the Dictyophora polysaccharide group were higher, while the levels of MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β were lower ( P < 0.05). In addition, the levels of SOD, GSH-Px, MDA and IL-1β in the Dictyophora polysaccharide group were not significantly different from those in the normal group ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Diactyophora polysaccharide probably reduces the neurotoxicity damage caused by sodium arsenite in rats through antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.

Practice of Huzhou in promoting the reform of countywide medical and health governance system / 中华医院管理杂志

The construction of a countywide community for medical and health services is designed to upgrade the service capacity of primary medical and health institutions, to promote resource sharing and collaborative services, and promote the hierarchical medical system. Huzhou of Zhejiang province has launched its initiative in building a countywide community for medical services since 2018. The authors summarized its main practices in promoting the integration of the management system and optimizing operating mechanism of countywide medical and health institutions, promoting the reform of the county medical and health governance system, as well as the achievements and shortcomings, with a view to providing reference for promoting the high-quality development of the countywide medical and health service system.

Prevalence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among primary and middle school students in Xihu District / 预防医学

Abstract@#Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among primary and middle school students in Xihu District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into depression control among primary and middle school students. @*Methods@# Students were sampled from two primary schools, two junior high schools, two ordinary high schools and one vocational high school in Xihu District using a stratified cluster random sampling method from September to November, 2021. Participants' demographics, diet, exercise, sleep and campus bullying were collected using questionnaire surveys. The depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), and factors affecting the depressive symptoms were identified among primary and middle school students using a multivariable logistic regression model.@* Results@# A total of 1 518 students were investigated, including 518 primary school students (34.12%), 363 junior high school students (23.91%), 463 ordinary high school students (30.50%) and 174 vocational high school students (11.46%). Of all participants, there were 805 males (53.03%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 38.87% among the participants, and was 36.10%, 42.42%, 42.33% and 30.46% among primary school, junior high school, ordinary high school and vocational high school students, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR=1.601, 95%CI: 1.289-1.989), type of school (junior high school, OR=1.299, 95%CI: 0.974-1.734; ordinary high school, OR=1.351, 95%CI: 1.025-1.780; vocational high school, OR=0.862, 95%CI: 0.585-1.272), frequency of fresh vegetable intake (less than once daily, OR=0.454, 95%CI: 0.304-0.679; once and more daily, OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.235-0.548), duration spent on the internet (0.5 to 1 h daily, OR=1.447, 95%CI: 1.044-2.006; 1 h and longer daily, OR=1.456, 95%CI: 1.072-1.978), sufficient sleep (OR=0.525, 95%CI: 0.371-0.744), suffering from campus bullying (OR=1.992, 95%CI: 1.491-2.661) were associated with the development of depressive symptoms. @*Conclusions@# The prevalence of depressive symptoms is high among primary and middle school students in Xihu District. Gender, type of school, dietary behaviors, sleep duration and campus bullying are factors affecting the development of depressive symptoms.

The characteristic and treatment of intramural hematoma in elderly patients without trauma / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To analyze the characteristics and treatment of aortic intramural hematoma ( IMH) in non-traumat-ic elderly patients, and to provide clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease .Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 36 elderly patients without trauma during the period from March 2013 to May 2017 in our hospital , to clarify the characteristics of pathogenesis and imaging feature , and to evaluate treatment options.Results 36 patients were followed up and the outcomes of them were satisfactory .Of which 17 asymptomatic patients were given conservative treatment . 19 cases of emergency patients, 7 patients received the emergency operation, 9 patients were given interventional treatment after initial conservative medical treatment, 3 patients received drug treatment, of which 1 patient was conservatively successful, and 2 patients progressed.During follow-up, the imaging data of most of the patients were obtained.The aortic enhanced CT indi-cated that the hematoma disappeared or decreased markedly, and the asymptomatic patients were in stable condition, and the dilatation of aorta was not obvious in patients who have access to imaging examination .Conclusion Elderly patients with IMH are more common in men, especially Stanford B type.IMH in asymptomatic elderly patients with multiple penetrating aortic ul-cer(PAU), but the range of hematoma is limited, no significant progress.And this type of patients can be considered only for conservative treatment.On the contrary, IMH of symptomatic elderly patients usually involve a wide range of aorta , and most of them were caused by single small ulcer.Although the patients have been treated with conservative medicine , the disease is still progress and endovascular treatment repair of aorta can be considered .

Preliminary application of next generation sequencing technique in pathogen identification of foodborne disease / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To analyze genomic features of pathogens based on next generation sequencing technique in a food-borne disease event.@*Methods@#A total of 11 blood samples, stomach contents before gastric lavage from the death and patients' foods were collected. S. aureus, B. cereus and toxic substances were detected. B. cereus detected in foods were counted. The conserved region of 16 S rDNA gene and ces gene(cereulide) of B. cereus isolates were detected by real-time PCR. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology was applied to acquire genome sequences of isolates. Different plasmids distribution and comparative genomics analysis with reference sequences in public databases were analyzed.@*Results@#Only B. cereus tested positive in all samples. The counts of B. cereus in Egg fried rice, one food samples, were 1.9×107 CFU/g, and the counts of B. cereus in dried and fried fish and brine pork head meat samples were 3.0×103 CFU/g both. Ten isolates were carrying hlyⅢ, nheA, nheB, inlA and inhA genes, and nine isolates carried the plcR gene and nine isolates carried the nheC gene. The PCR result of 16 S rDNA gene and ces gene of all isolates were positive. All carried the complete ces genes cluster sequence which were identical to the sequence of plasmid pCER270 (NC_01 0924.1) from strain AH187 in United Kingdom and pNCcld (NC_016792.1) from NC7401 in Japan. The alignment of plasmids turned out the sequence of the isolate differed from the pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids of B. anthracis, but carried the pNCcld plasmid containing the ces genes cluster. The phylogenetic tree based on genomic sequences of ten isolates showed high similarity (distances in phylogenetic tree from 2.0×10-6-9.0×10-6) to each other and to the B. cereus strains AH187 and NC7401 (MLST ST26 type, distances in phylogenetic tree from 3.8×10-5-4.5×10-5).@*Conclusion@#The foodborne disease event was caused by vomiting type Bacillus cereus without plasmid pXO1 and pXO2 contaminated egg fried rice. The vomiting-type food poisoning caused by B. Cereus globally is probably associated with ST26, ST164 and other strains harboring ces gene.

Application of manual carbon dioxide angiography in endovascular treatment for arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremity in patients with renal insufficiency or iodine allergy / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To assess the safety and diagnostic accuracy of manual carbon dioxide (C02) digital angiography in performing endovascular therapy (EVT) for arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of lower extremity in patients who have renal insufficiency or iodine allergy. Methods The clinical data of 19 patients with lower extremity ASO complicated by renal insufficiency or iodine allergy, who were admitted to authors' hospital to receive EVT of lower extremity with intraoperative C02 angiography during the period from January 2013 to March 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. Using manual bolus injection of C02, or with additional use of minimum dose of iodinated contrast media, CO2 angiography was performed so as to guide EVT procedure. The safety and diagnostic accuracy of manual C02 angiography were evaluated. Results A total of 21 endovascular treatments were performed in 19 patients with lower extremity ASO, and a total of 28 arterial segment lesions were treated. The technical success rate was 100％. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) was improved from preoperative 0. 56±0. 08 to postoperative 0. 74±0. 07, the difference was statistically significant (t= -20. 605, P＜0. 00l). The mean serum creatinine (sCr) levels tested at 48 h and one week after the treatment were (159. 91±33. 21) μmol/L and (143. 44±43. 59) μmol/L respectively, which were not significantly different from preoperative (139. 5±37. 6) μmol/L (t=-1. 098, P=0. 285), and none of these results met the standard of contrast nephropathy. Among the 21 times of EVT procedure, additional use of iodinated contrast media was employed in 13 procedures, the average used amount of iodine contrast agent was (12±5. 5) mL. After the treatment, sCr level was elevated, the estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were lower than 50 mL· min-1 · 1. 73 m-2, which restored to preoperative level in one week. CO2 angiography showed that the image quality of all arteries above the knee joint met the requirements of treatment, except for one patient whose images could not accurately display the length and extent of the stenosis due to restenosis of the superficial femoral artery. The image quality of the arteries below the knee level was usual. Conclusion In performing EVT procedure to treat lower extremity ASO the use of C02 angiography is safe. The image quality of all arteries above the knee joint is satisfactory, it can significantly reduce, or even avoid, the use of iodine contrast agents. Therefore, this technique is especially suitable for patients who have renal insufficiency or iodine allergy. (J Intervent Radiol, 2018, 27:211-214)

Food-borne disease related behavior analysis of family food providers in the floating population of Hangzhou city / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To study food-borne disease related behavior of the floating population in Hangzhou city. Methods A questionnaire on food-borne disease related behaviors was formulated based on Delphi method. A family-based retrospective investigation was conducted by unified trained investigators to analyze the frequency of food-borne disease related behaviors of family food providers during the past month in several floating-population centers of Hangzhou city. The investigation was conducted among 150 adults of every survey spot quarterly during a one-year period. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. Results According to all 1 781 valid recovery questionnaires, 82.42%subjects had a family income less than 50 000 yuan per year and 87.42%of them had junior-middle-school or lower levels of education. The proportions of subjects who always cleaned kitchen tools, covered the garbage can and kept house out of flies, roaches and mice were 42.50%, 55.87% and 61.09%, respectively. The proportions of subjects who always purchased intact packaged food and food under warranty were 39.70%and 52.33%, respectively. The proportions of subjects who always used tapped water, cleaned hands before food processing, cooked eggsand other foods till well-done were 66.03%, 51.94%, 53.62%, 35.99% and 32.62%, respectively. The proportions of subjects who always stored food in containers with cover and for no more than 3 days in freezer were 20.89%and 30.88%, respectively. The frequencies of food-borne disease related behaviors mentioned above were significantly higher among migrants who originated from urban areas, received education above junior-middle-school and had a family income no less than 50 000 yuan/y than the others (P<0.05). Conclusion In order to correct the risky behaviors during food consuming, processing and storage, targeted intervention is necessary among family food providers of floating population families.

Complications of stenting in superior vena cava syndrome / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the incidence and causes of complication of stenting in the treatment of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) for its proper prevetions. Methods Thirty nine patients with SVCS due to various diseases were retrospectively analyzed. The location, extension and degree of the stenosis were identified on venography before stent placement. Lumen narrowing becoming less than 50% or 20% improvement after stenting was taken as effective. Complications after stenting were analyzed. Results Thirty-five(89.7%, 35/39) patients relieved after stenting. Six patients (15.4%) had complications, including stents displacement due to mass lessened after chemotherapy in 1 cases, stents displacement and thrombogenesis due to lack of anticoagulant therapy and mass lessened after chemotherapy in 1 cases, restenosis due to mass growing into the screening of Gianturco Z-type stent in 1 cases, acute pericardial effusion in 1 cases, 1 of acute pulmonary embolism(PE) in 1 cases and acute congestive right heart failure and relieved after treatment in 1 cases. Conclusions Some complications of stenting in SVCS is serious. Proper procedure, stents selection and skillful handling can reduce the frequency of the complications.

Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of arterial PVA embolization for mid and advanced pulmonary carcinoma / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of arterial PVA perfusion embolization in treating mid and advanced pulmonary carcinoma. Methods Thirty-one patients with pulmonary carcinoma in the mid or late stage diagnosed pathologically underwent selective angiographic studies of the bronchial arteries and intercostal arteries to provide information of the hypervascular feeding vessels, and then performed the perfusion with 5-FU? THP? DDP; followed by PVA grain embolization under fluoroscopic control. Results Abnormal tumor feeding vessels of pulmonary carcinoma were found deriving from bromehial arteries in 21 cases, and from intercostal arteries in 10. After arterial infusion of chemotherapy combined with embolization of PVA,alleviation of clinical symptoms was observed in all 31 cases(100%)without severe complication. The total effectiveness(CR plus PR) reached 80.6%(25/31). Conclusions Arterial embolization of PVA is safe, effective with less complication for treatment of mid or advanced pulmonary carcinoma.

Minimally invasive non-surgical lung volume reduction / 介入放射学杂志

Minimally invasive treatment with lung volume reduction is the promising future for severe pulmonary emphysema patients. With emerging and improving of new techniques and instruments, it would become an important choice for managing severe emphysema. A comprehensive review is here documented through the corvelative techniques, instruments, new achievements and latest research work.(J Intervent Radiol, 2006,15:53-56)